The Grand Canyon has been around for several years and is one of the most visited places on Earth today. It is ultimately constructed of rocks, and plates. The plates are stacked on top of one another, to create a giant wall, that covers nearly 18 miles in some parts. This massive wall is 9,000 feet above sea level and has ridges in all of its parts. Cross cutting is the process in which erosion over time makes a certain pattern into the rock. The rock will then look as if someone has cut a cross into it. Not the religious type of cross, but the cross that you use to go diagonal.
   Since the Grand Canyon is so massive, the cross cutting has a majority of the Grand Canyon.There are several types of Cross Cutting; structural, stratigraphic, sedimentological, Paleontologic, and Geomorphic. Structural is a fault of fracture cut that cuts through older rocks. Stratigraphic is an erosional surface that cuts across older rock layers, geological structures, or other geological features.

Different types of moths have different habitats, and needs to survive. One specific type of moths, the Peppered moths, live in the modern day, England. They are known for their unique wing color, and their evolution over time. They happened to change color, simply due to the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution was technically te fact that new factories were being built, and more smoke began to billow the sky. Some scientists believe that the smoke, and dust particles is what changed the moths wing colors. The moths have different colors, that correspond to what habitat they live in. The lighter colored moths may live in the lighter colored environments, so they can hide themselves from predators.
    The darker colored moths, however, are the unique kind. They are the ones that are said to change color due to the Industrial Revolution. Charles Darwin had taken spoken, and his words were taken into consideration for this experiment. If the color of these moths continue to change, then the population of the dark moths will increase. 

If this world were ever to have an issue that dealt with over population, we would be in great chaos. Even in some places today, over population is a major problem. Over population can lead to limited resources, and or immense competition for that particular resource. For example, of you had limited water in one region, but a large population, the water can't be distributed properly throughout that area. People begin to get a little thirsty, so they all have to fight for that limited water. This can lead to some great problems, and even worse deaths. If there was a resource, like gold, it wouldn't be as important to us if it was limited or not. Humans by nature need the water to survive, but the gold isn't necessary to have.
      In some cases limited resources can be bad or good, depending on the type of resource it is. If it happens to be toxic in anyway, then it will be a good thing to have a limited source of that object. If however, the resource is food, water, shelter, or any necessities, then we absolutely need it. Evolution can be brought upon, in similar cases to this. One animal might be running out of food, or water, and they might eventually die out. That same type of animal will become distinct, and slowly die away. In contemporary times, the polar bears are vanishing everywhere. The ice that they need is slowly going away, so they have nowhere to live. 

One of the most concurrent projects that was recently worked on, was the paper pet family. The general idea for this project, was simply to familiarize ourselves with the types of genetic traits, and how they work in the offspring. Some traits are shown more in the offspring, then other traits. For example, if both parents have brown hair, then their offspring will most definitely have brown hair, because blonde hair would almost seem impossible.  For the project, you created two "parents", and filled out their genes. If you didn't have a specific trait, then you and your partner flip a coin to determine the specific genotype. Once you fill out a chart with you, and your partners genotypes, then you cam begin to fill out the genotype for the children as well. 
    Determining the genotype is a little bit different. If there is a dominant trait in both parents, then you automatically put that genotype in for the children. You supposedly have six children,and you fill out each one. The children should look very similar to the parents unless there is a recessive trait. Normally, most of your children should look fairly similar, or almost identical.